Patriarchal Subordination of Women Essay Example For Students

Male centric Subordination of Women Essay Ladies are in a second rate sexual orientation position. They are liable to control through segregation, misuse, abuse, embarrassment, and savagery. Ladies are regularly rewarded as subordinate to men and get inconsistent access to training, work, and human services. By breaking down some key records in history and strict institutional philosophies, obviously man centric society is a social develop. This is huge in light of the fact that male controlled society naturally benefits men over ladies controlling both their regenerative and profitable work. In easygoing discussion, male controlled society infers male mastery. By definition, it is a family, gathering, or government constrained by a man or gathering of men. The most well known religions fit the two depictions since they are constrained by men. Religion is the thing that gives male centric society a feeling of holiness that devotees are required to follow. The significant religions like Christianity, Judaism, Hinduism, Buddhism, Sikhism, and Islam all love an incomparable being that is male, in this manner, some contend that men are nearer to the resemblance of the preeminent being and ought to be almighty. Ladies, then again, take after nothing of the incomparable being, so they are substandard and ought to be compliant to the guys. For instance, in Christianity, the Bible instructs that a spouse and father are the family head, defender, supplier, and are required to direct (or control) his family in the normal way of the religion. Womens jobs are to serve (or be constrained by) their better half, and deal with the home and kids. Male authority likewise rules positions and jobs in chapel putting guys with key duties and workplaces inside their congregation, and spreading the belief system of parenthood, which confines womens portability and weights them with the obligation to support and aise kids. With regards to religion, we can perceive how male controlled society benefits men over ladies, and can keep up this abuse through the danger of otherworldly Judgment. Strict people accept that male controlled society is the desire, and to resist this conviction is to conflict with the lessons of their incomparable being. Investigating chronicled occasions, one would see that man controlled society persists from religion to law and legislative issues. From authoritative archives and legal disputes to positions in government, ladies keep on being subordinate to men. The United States was established on key rinciples spread out in the Constitution by a gathering of men alluded to as the Founding Fathers, whose name alone proposes a man centric gathering. There is practically zero credit given to any of the ladies that were instrumental in making these laws that a whole country would follow. The Declaration of Independence incorporates explanations like, all men are made equivalent, suggesting that solitary men have rights (Decl. of Ind. ). Notwithstanding that, the first laws in the Constitution don't recognize ladies as people with rights, yet negligible property of the men they were hitched to, or girls of. Just about a hundred years after the fact, the Fourteenth Amendment of the Constitution was passed ensuring all people the option to rise to insurance under the law, and it explicitly avoids ladies in Section 2 by portraying who might be included in deciding what number of delegates each state gets in Congress (U. S. Const. ). It took barely 50 years before ladies were given the option to cast a ballot in a nation where they had existed from the earliest starting point. Johnson, for example, church, state Even when theyVe been permitted to take part, its by and large been at subordinate, inferior levels. Oohnson, 2013, p. 156). The United States is established on the social build of male controlled society making it troublesome, no doubt, for ladies to feel anything besides oppressed. Male controlled society is advancing, however scarcely to the point of equity among people. It will probably take several years, if at any time, before ladies are viewed as an equivalent to men. It will require changes in normal practices to prevent men from persecuting ladies, and for ladies to quit tolerating it, even with reluctancy. Works Cited Ireland, P. (1997). Womens not exactly full balance under the U. S. Constitution. .u066dd5efd0c31abf332f418c3d2a002f , .u066dd5efd0c31abf332f418c3d2a002f .postImageUrl , .u066dd5efd0c31abf332f418c3d2a002f .focused content region { min-stature: 80px; position: relative; } .u066dd5efd0c31abf332f418c3d2a002f , .u066dd5efd0c31abf332f418c3d2a002f:hover , .u066dd5efd0c31abf332f418c3d2a002f:visited , .u066dd5efd0c31abf332f418c3d2a002f:active { border:0!important; } .u066dd5efd0c31abf332f418c3d2a002f .clearfix:after { content: ; show: table; clear: both; } .u066dd5efd0c31abf332f418c3d2a002f { show: square; change: foundation shading 250ms; webkit-progress: foundation shading 250ms; width: 100%; haziness: 1; progress: murkiness 250ms; webkit-change: obscurity 250ms; foundation shading: #95A5A6; } .u066dd5efd0c31abf332f418c3d2a002f:active , .u066dd5efd0c31abf332f418c3d2a002f:hover { mistiness: 1; progress: darkness 250ms; webkit-progress: obscurity 250ms; foundation shading: #2C3E50; } .u066dd5efd0c31abf332f418c3d2a002f .focused content region { width: 100%; position: relat ive; } .u066dd5efd0c31abf332f418c3d2a002f .ctaText { fringe base: 0 strong #fff; shading: #2980B9; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: intense; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; text-design: underline; } .u066dd5efd0c31abf332f418c3d2a002f .postTitle { shading: #FFFFFF; text dimension: 16px; text style weight: 600; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; width: 100%; } .u066dd5efd0c31abf332f418c3d2a002f .ctaButton { foundation shading: #7F8C8D!important; shading: #2980B9; outskirt: none; fringe span: 3px; box-shadow: none; text dimension: 14px; textual style weight: striking; line-tallness: 26px; moz-outskirt sweep: 3px; text-adjust: focus; text-enrichment: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-tallness: 80px; foundation: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/modules/intelly-related-posts/resources/pictures/straightforward arrow.png)no-rehash; position: supreme; right: 0; top: 0; } .u066dd5efd0c31abf332f418c3d2a002f:hover .ctaButton { foundation shading: #34495E!important; } .u066dd5efd0c31abf33 2f418c3d2a002f .focused content { show: table; tallness: 80px; cushioning left: 18px; top: 0; } .u066dd5efd0c31abf332f418c3d2a002f-content { show: table-cell; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; cushioning right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-adjust: center; width: 100%; } .u066dd5efd0c31abf332f418c3d2a002f:after { content: ; show: square; clear: both; } READ: Autism EssayRetrieved from http://www. presently. organization/issues/monetary/cea/ireland. html Johnson, A. G. (2013). Male controlled society. In Rothenberg, P. (ninth ed. ), Race, Class, and Gender in the United States (pp. 153-160). North, M. (2013). At the point when men made God a man: religion, the man controlled society and the way of life of mysongyny. Recovered from http://ipinionsyndicate. com/when-men-made-god-a-man-religion-the-male centric society and-the-way of life of-sexism/The Declaration of Independence. (n. d. ). Recovered from http://www. ushistory. organization/statement/report/U. S. Constitution, Amendment 14, Section 1 and 2.

Quest For Fire Essays - Films, Quest For Fire, The Tribe

Mission For Fire Mission for Fire This story happens 80,000 years back when our predecessors initially found the intensity of fire, however didn't have a clue how to ace it. At some point, a serene clan is assaulted by gorillas and wolves. Many pass on in the battling and the clan is driven away from their region. They move to a little island, and on their way, they lose their treasurefire. Fire to them resembles the entryway to a house. Without the entryway, the house won't breakdown. Yet, when a looter comes, the house has no insurance. Without shoot, men can live, yet they lose their most remarkable weapon when they are assaulted. Along these lines, the clan is in an extraordinary peril. An assault of wolves or different mammoths can without much of a stretch murder them. Since they don't have the foggiest idea how to make fire, they convey three individuals from the clan to search for fire. On their way, they spare a young lady however she flees later. At that point the three men are caught by another further developed clan (everybody in the zone is by all accounts advancing at an alternate rate). In the clan, they meet the young lady who they spared before and one of them went gaga for the young lady. They additionally figure out how to make fire all alone. The three men and the young lady escape one day and come back to the little island where their clan is. The individuals of their clan are exceptionally amped up for their arrival and they are much additionally energizing when they discover that they can make fire without anyone else. Starting now and into the foreseeable future, people life is no more relies upon Gods favor. They can deal with their own life. Disregarding causing me about to upchuck, this film has some great perspectives. It utilizes incredible audio cues and impeccable cosmetics strategy to make this film exceptionally reasonable. There is no discourse all through the entire film, however the non-verbal communication and signals of men well clarify the story. This film makes you contemplate our precursors, where we originated from and how we would get by in reality as we know it where the mystery of how to make fire is as pivotal as we would respect the moon arrival today . . . This film likewise causes me to feel appreciative that I don't live 80,000 years prior. Their life is fierce and savage. They have no houses, no vehicles and they need to battle with creatures eye to eye. Contrasted with them, we are living in a heaven at this moment. Reference index an audit of film mission for fire

Political and religious corruption Essay Example for Free

Political and strict defilement Essay ‘Tragedy’ and ‘satire’ are the weapons utilized by men of letters for various closures. Catastrophe stirs the feelings of pity and dread in the hearts of watchers and perusers; while parody makes them chuckle just as make them see the genuine picture lying underneath the one showed up on a superficial level. Presently, let us talk about in detail how the utilization of parody recorded as a hard copy writing passes on successfully the message of strict and political debasement when contrasted with the utilization of catastrophe. Catastrophe principally manages the debacle that goes to those people who speak to the imperfections and deficiencies that are, to a huge degree, widespread. Catastrophe is fundamentally a cry of dissent against the appalling conditions and circumstances in which the sad legend gets himself. Aristotle in his book Poetics says that the point of these episodes is to excite the feelings of ‘pity and fear’ in the hearts of watchers and perusers so as to complete the ‘catharsis of such emotions’. He additionally accepts that these occurrences ought to happen to the legend not by some ‘vice and depravity’ with respect to the saint yet by some ‘error of judgment. ’ So the essential point of disaster is cleansing the watcher of the feelings of pity and dread and not that of making him especially mindful of the debasement, thefts, corruptions and issues existing in the general public in the domains of ethical quality, religion, governmental issues and so on. So various occasions it happen that the watchers sob at the terrible circumstances as opposed to considering the social and strict issues experienced by the saint of the story. For example, ‘the duchess of Malfi’ makes the watchers less mindful of the political and strict defilement existing at the time in the Jacobean culture and progressively mindful of the hardships and inconveniences that fall upon the duchess and Antonio â€her second spouse. Indeed, Webster raised his fingers towards the degenerate works on existing at the time in the castle by the case of ravenous, insane person and forbidden Ferdinand and towards the degenerate strict circumstance by the case of the cardinal-the duchess’s sibling, who assumes a significant job in planning the homicide of her sister, has a special lady and afterward killed her a short time later. The homicide of Duchess, Antonio, Bosola and the extreme fear and brutality in the last scenes disgusts the watchers and don't give them sufficient opportunity and space to consider over the social, political and strict infringement existing at that point and talked about in the play. Then again, comedian is accepted to be a sort of self-designated watchman of social norms, of truth, of good, political, strict and moral qualities. He is a man who should take upon himself the errand of remedying, reprimanding and deriding the indiscretions and indecencies existing in the general public and subsequently to bring hatred and disparagement upon the deviations and abnormalities from acculturated and broadly adequate social standards. Humorous satire is intended to be sensational, whose fundamental and basic role is to uncover, rebuke and criticism the habits, indecencies and deficiencies existing in the domains of society, morals, governmental issues, and religion. Hence when contrasted with the utilization of disaster the utilization of parody works best as a weapon targeting uncovering the political, strict and social and moral debasement of a time. Let us examine it in detail with the instances of Gay’s ‘the Beggars’ Opera’ and Jonathan Swift’s ‘the Gulliver’s Travels’. Gay’s ‘The Beggars’ Opera’ is proposed to be a parody on the governmental issues and society of his time. The legends and the courageous women experience numerous troubles and there were, on occasion, away from of approaching passings. Be that as it may, the show doesn't make the watchers sorrowful, rather it delight them, make them giggle and simultaneously made them think on the depressing political, moral, and social situation winning at that point. The viewer’s consideration was coordinated towards the political defilements, burglaries, and overbearing strategies embraced by Sir Robert Walpole-the head administrator of England around then by the instances of Peachum and Macheath. Peachums conduct as a hoodlum, as a womanizer, and as a deceiver legitimately focuses on Sir Robert Walpole, who was otherwise called a degenerate chief just as a miscreant around then. At that point the consideration of the watchers was coordinated towards the undermined moral condition of the general public of that time by the instances of unmarried moms in ‘the Beggars Opera’, by the case of Polly and Lucy. The debasement is demonstrated to be pervaded where it counts in the archives of the general public and the music, fresh and provocative scenes and exchanges made the watchers truly think and consider on the situation. Not at all like ‘the Duchess of Malfi’, the watchers of the Beggars Opera’ didn't sob yet the utilization of parody settled on them contemplate the issues towards which there consideration was coordinated by the author of the Opera. Jonathan Swift in his book ‘the Gulliver’s Travels’ made sharp parody at the political, moral, scholarly, physical and strict parts of the English society of that time. He censures the legislative issues of his time by causing the perusers to feel, with the instances of the appropriation of three hued strips to the victors in games, strolling on close rope, and so forth that how the political workplaces around then were circulated, not based on mind and political adroitness however based on negligible gymnastic aptitudes. Flimnap-the Lilliputian treasurer, is a peculiar portrayal of Sir Robert Walpole. The Lilliputian royal residence interests are the satiric portrayal by Swift of the English Royal palace’s situation. The ruler of Lilliput made the perusers consider the covetousness and voracity and oppression to which a lord can fall. The by the case of Brobdingnagian King’s references to the governmental issues and history of England of that time was extremely cutting and gnawing for the English perusers who think the legislative issues of their nation as the best of all on the planet. The King’s comment that solitary equity and presence of mind is required to run the legislatures and not the heft of books is additionally extremely provocative. This was implied by Swift to shake the individuals out of their lack of concern and make them think how horrendous the situation has been. Quick made a reference to the defiled strict circumstance of the time by examining the quarrels between the large endians and the little endians. This was a war pursued between two gatherings of Lilliputian, one gathering demand breaking the egg from its littler end , while the other demanded breaking it from the greater end. This is a reference to the scholarly clashes going on between the diverse strict factions around then in England. The most impactful and strongly provocative parody is written in the last segment of the book where yippees are contrasted and the severe components in the human instinct while ponies houyhnhnms-are considered as the paragons of intelligence and insight. Hurrays are constantly prepared to battle with each other; they are depicted as ravenous, irascible, lascivious and greedy. Houyhnhnms are considering banishing the race of hurrays from their territory. Therefore from this entire conversation we suspect that when contrasted with catastrophe , the weapon of parody is better ready to pass on the social, political and moral defilement winning at the hour of composing of that bit of workmanship to the perusers and watchers. Disaster basically talks about the distresses and adversities identified with a solitary individual, it cleanses the watchers and perusers of the feelings of pity and dread by bringing out and designing these feelings in them. Parody then again is a device with which the author uncovered the multi-dimensional social ills of the general public with a grin all over. The perusers and watchers snicker with the essayist and simultaneously consider offering some kind of reparation of the shortcomings and issues winning in the general public. The parody doesn't sicken the watchers thus they are left with enough vitality to consider adjusting the general public and doing the needful.

The Evolution of Grendels Worldview - Literature Essay Samples

In John Gardner’s Grendel, a few key interactions between Grendel and other characters mark the paradigmatic shifts that spur his philosophical evolution. Despite Grendel’s self-proclaimed isolation, his response to these interactions demonstrates his undeniable susceptibility to external ideas. Though at each junction he considers his viewpoint absolute, the new exposures bring about both confluences and conflicts of ideas that instigate Grendel’s further ideological revision. As solitary as Grendel feels, his views of the world and the role he plays in it are irrevocably linked to a few formative interchanges with varying perspectives. Grendel’s first encounter with a foreign creature sparks his initial sense of dissonance. Grendel, at the time a child only familiar with his mother and other shadowed, shuffling monsters, ventures one day beyond the safety of his sheltered mere. He wanders between two trees and ends up caught between them, unable to move and directly in the path of a charging bull. After surviving the first onslaught remarkably unscathed, Grendel realizes that the bull erred in its calculations before making the charge and aimed too low. Suddenly, Grendel comprehends that the bull lacks the faculties necessary to course-correct; without higher thought it will never fight Grendel with enough insight to succeed. Grendel recognizes this quality, and at once understands â€Å"the emptiness in the eyes of those humpbacked shapes back in the cave† (Gardner 21). Grendel’s perception of his own community cleaves, placing him at odds with the rest of the world: his capacity for higher th ought traps him in a solitary category, an existence entirely separate from instinct-driven animals like the bull and the other monsters in his mere. The world, he realizes, is a â€Å"mechanical chaos of casual, brute enmity on which we stupidly interpose our hopes and fears,† in which he alone exists (22). This epiphany marks Grendel’s first foray into philosophy, as well as his first sense of isolation. He alone can create meaning for the natural world around him because all perceived meaning is folly in any event, useless to all but the creator. The bull is a catalyst for Grendel’s self discovery, but Grendel is not empowered by this idea of his own individualism. He meets humans and recognizes that they make patterns and exercise complex thought, but his ideas do not change—he still remains depressingly convinced that he faces â€Å"the meaningless objectness of the world, the universal bruteness† (28). His continued pessimism regarding this â€Å"mechanistic† world demonstrates how his own isolation, catalyzed by the disparity he observes between the bull and himself, has caused his disillusionment. Despite Grendel’s initial certainty in his assertions, his philosophy reveals its malleability upon exposure to more of the world. One human manages to distinguish himself from the others enough to effect a change in Grendel’s worldview: the Shaper. The Shaper arrives at the meadhall and sings of the men Grendel has been watching, but though Grendel has been observing them violently destroy each other, the Shaper proclaims quite the opposite, singing of their divine creation and praising their power. Grendel knows the Shaper spins lies, but he and all of the other men nonetheless believe these fabricated histories, vesting power in the man who has â€Å"changed the world, [has] torn up the past by its thick, gnarled roots and [has] transmuted it† (43). The Shaper introduces Grendel to a world that exists by dint of emotion rather than mere brutality. This method of applying meaning to the world creates a grander purpose rather than reinforcing the blind, brute me chanics Grendel had been cornered into believing. Grendel knows the Shaper’s words have altered his previous convictions but struggles to overcome his doubt and fully embrace the idea of a world rooted in such poetic ideals. While the Shaper’s poetry directs Grendel’s mind â€Å"away to hopeful dreams, the dark of what was and always was reached out and snatched [his] feet† (54). In the back of Grendel’s mind he still thinks of the world as mechanical; the Shaper has only introduced a fantasy that Grendel is desperate to believe, even if he must play â€Å"the outcast, cursed by the rules of his hideous fable† (55). Grendel’s interaction with the Shaper introduces him to a human coping mechanism—the creation of fantasies to deal with the bitterness of real life. Grendel develops a desperate desire to hide behind the fabrications in the Shaper’s songs; they offer Grendel reprieve from what he considers eternal isolation. Although his better judgment prohibits his complete subjugation, he is affected enough to willingly adopt the beastly role the Shaper assigns him. Grendel does not exist in this fantasy forever; his interaction with the dragon forces him to confront the idealistic foundations of the Shaper’s work. Though Grendel becomes enamored with the artistry of the Shaper’s words, the Shaper still places Grendel on the side of evil: â€Å"the terrible race God cursed† (51). The dragon sheds light on the necessity, rather than the miracle, of the irreconcilable rift between man and monster, explaining to Grendel that he is â€Å"the brute existent by which [the humans] define themselves† (73). His role in life is to serve as the foil to mankind’s endeavors and to drive them to â€Å"poetry, science, religion, all that makes them what they are for as long as they last† (73). Grendel initially refuses this fate; he seeks something different from life, a grander purpose mirroring the romanticism of the Shaper’s poetry. The dragon soon breaks down Grendel’s defenses, forcing Grendel to ack nowledge the idiocy of this lofty ideal. Grendel adopts the dragon’s dreary approach: everything will ultimately amount to nothing; his experiences are simply â€Å"a swirl in a stream of time† (70). The dragon advises Grendel to â€Å"seek out gold and sit on it†: in other words, perform what natural laws require him to do (74). This philosophy spurs Grendel into his most recognizable role; he fully embraces his designated purpose, initiating the â€Å"idiotic war† to wreak havoc upon Hart and mankind. Beowulf is the final character to confront Grendel’s views, and he does so with assertions that uproot the very foundations of Grendel’s beliefs instead of just altering them. By the time Grendel fights Beowulf, the dragon’s advice has taken full effect; Grendel is deeply entrenched in a pointless, violent war with the Danes and admittedly kills without purpose. When the confrontation begins, Beowulf shocks Grendel with his strength, soon gaining the upper hand by twisting Grendel’s arm behind his back when Grendel slips on blood. The two begin a grapple of worldviews that parallels the physical battle. Grendel is adamant, telling Beowulf, â€Å"If you win, it’s by mindless chance. Make no mistake. First you tricked me, and then I slipped. Accident† (171). Even in mortal danger, Grendel refuses to relinquish his philosophy; the dragon’s claim that the natural world is a meaningless cycle of life and death has been providing justificati on for Grendel’s actions through the twelve years of his terrible crusade. Beowulf advances a philosophy reminiscent of the dragon’s, but it deviates in a key manner. He addresses Grendel’s destructiveness, whispering, â€Å"Though you murder the world, [†¦] strong searching roots will crack your cave and rain will cleanse it: The world will burn green, sperm build again† (170). Beowulf’s sermon contains the element of rebirth, and with it, the suggestion that life does in fact have meaning despite ceaseless death. Such an assertion, if true, would do worse than make Grendel’s life meaningless. The implication that life had possessed an intrinsic worth all along would make Grendel’s chosen path a waste. He had opted for twelve years of murder, despite once harboring wishes for a grander purpose, and thus must defend his assertions of the world until his dying breath. The effect of their confrontation is as destructive on Grendel’s mind as it is on his body. Ripped from his meaningless cycle of murder and rampage, Grendel loses all sense for how to react, wondering, â€Å"Is it joy I feel?† (173). His philosophy, left vulnerable by the scars of transformation from previous interactions, fractures in the face of Beowulf’s onslaught. Floundering in an internal narrative riddled with doubt and confusion, Grendel perishes. Grendel’s persistent sense of isolation throughout John Gardner’s Grendel leaves him susceptible to influence from the worldviews of those he interacts with. His harbored resentment regarding what he perceives as solitude results somewhat conversely in a malleable ideology, prone to change through consideration of new perspectives. Each successive paradigm shift becomes more difficult to abandon, however, so when the dragon proposes a world devoid of meaning, Grendel initially resists. When he is finally swayed, he devotes himself completely, launching a twelve-year war in defense of his convictions. By the time he confronts Beowulf, the cracks in the foundations of Grendel’s viewpoint prove too much, leading to his pitiful but timely demise.

The Strange Case Of Dr. Jekyll And Mr. Hyde - 1577 Words

The plot of Robert Louis Stevenson’s legendary novella, The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde, is relatively well known. A scientist, Dr. Henry Jekyll, tries to separate his inner good from evil and ends up with an alter ego, Edward Hyde. While Hyde, he commits numerous atrocities, including trampling a child and beating Sir Danvers Carew to death with a walking stick. The story is mostly written from the point of view of Mr. Gabriel Utterson, a lawyer who is friends with Jekyll and eventually pieces together the mystery of his dual nature. Scholars have written countless articles on the duality of man in the novella, but few focus on the implications of the crimes that Jekyll commits as Hyde. In ending the saga of Mr. Hyde with Dr. Jekyll’s suicide, it is evident that Stevenson intended for readers to come to their own conclusions as to Jekyll’s guilt, as well as how he should be held accountable. This is complicated by the fact that, by committing suicide , Dr. Jekyll could be considered mentally ill by law. The legal system in Victorian England arguably treated the mentally ill unfairly, so in having Dr. Jekyll commit suicide, Stevenson could show this unfair treatment to the public. In Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde, Stevenson couples the character of Dr. Jekyll with his legal and medical knowledge to suggest that the unjust way the Victorian legal system and dealt with the mentally ill needed to be reformed. Stevenson’s background suggests that he had a wealth ofShow MoreRelatedThe Strange Case Of Dr. Jekyll And Mr. Hyde1675 Words   |  7 PagesThe Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde Essay Robert Louis Stevenson’s novella, â€Å"The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde,† is a type of Gothic literature. In the beginning of the story when Stevenson is describing the lawyer, one â€Å"Mr. Utterson,† the mood is a bit dull. At first glance the reader may think that this story would be a bit boring and drab. Stevenson’s story is far from being another dull piece of British English literature. The setting and mood of this novella are more complexRead MoreThe Strange Case Of Dr. Jekyll And Mr. Hyde Essay975 Words   |  4 PagesStevenson’s The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde is a novella that follows the basic outline established by Mary Shelley in Frankenstein. However, Stevenson’s monster is not created from body parts but comes from the dark side of the human personality. In both novels, a man conducts a secret experiment that gets out of control. The result of these experiments is the release of a double, or doppelgan ger, which causes damage to their creator. While most people think that The Strange Case of Dr. JekyllRead MoreThe Strange Case Of Dr. Jekyll And Mr. Hyde1440 Words   |  6 Pagescomplexity of human nature in his books, especially in The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde, and Kidnapped. The former is about a lawyer named Mr. Utterson seeking out the truth of Dr. Jekyll’s very strange will. He finds out that Jekyll was transforming himself into Mr. Hyde so that he could have the freedom to do whatever he wanted no matter how evil. By the time Utterson finds all this out and findsJekyll, he is too late and Jekyll has already killed himself. The latter is about David BalfourRead MoreThe Strange Case Of Dr. Jekyll And Mr. Hyde1196 Words   |  5 Pageswhich do let control you? The good or evil? This was a question that Dr. Jekyll from the book, The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde, could not answer. The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde is a book about a man who cannot control the two sides of himself, causing him to do terrible things and not even be aware of it. The theme of this book is good versus evil. Dr. Jekyll is fighting his evil side, known as Mr. Hyde, throughout the book. Some people believe that the book’s theme hasRead MoreThe Strange Case Of Dr. Jekyll And Mr. Hyde938 Words   |  4 PagesVictorian Hopes and Fears Involving Science as Found in Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde During the Victorian Era there was a great race to use science to alleviate the suffering of the ill, specifically for those patients who were suffering from ailments of the mind. While some of the methods used to diagnose and treat such afflictions would be considered barbaric in nature by today’s standards, they were considered cutting edge medical science during the time of the Victorian Era. It was also consideredRead MoreThe Strange Case Of Dr. Jekyll And Mr. Hyde964 Words   |  4 PagesThe Strange case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde, written by Robert Louis Stevenson was published in 1886. The story is published during the Victorian era, the Victorian era was an age of repression, there was no violence, no sexual appetite, and there was no great expression or emotion. In the story, Dr. Jekyll creates a potion that turns him into Mr. Hyde, Mr. Hyde is the complete opposite of what people are in the Victorian era. At first, Dr. Jekyll is in control of Mr. Hyde, but towards t he end MrRead MoreThe Strange Case Of Dr. Jekyll And Mr. Hyde1505 Words   |  7 PagesDuring the latter portion of the nineteenth century, Robert Louis Stevenson published his novella, The Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde. The fin de sià ¨cle saw the rise of different thoughts and ideas surrounding science and society. These concepts and interpretations sparked the discourse surrounding the theory of degeneration; which was the concern that civilization would fall to a lower state of being. This chapter will be reading multiplex personality as a manifestation of this broader culturalRead MoreThe Strange Case Of Dr. Jekyll And Mr. Hyde1739 Words   |  7 Pagesnovel â€Å"The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr Hyde† by Robert Louis Stevenson, the novel â€Å"Frankenstein† by Mary Shelley, the short story â€Å"The Monkey’s Paw† by W.W Jacobs and the short story â€Å"Yellow Wallpaper† by Charlotte Perkins Gilman. These four texts convey this theme through the use of gothic conventions such as death, madness and darkness. In the novels The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr Hyde by Robert Louis Stevenson and Frankenstein by Mary Shelley, Frankenstein and Dr. Jekyll are wronglyRead MoreThe Strange Case Of Dr. Jekyll And Mr. Hyde1351 Words   |  6 PagesThe Personas of Henry Jekyll Every person is born with bright and dark personas that people moderate due to the standards of society. In The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde, Jekyll and Hyde battle for the power to stay alive in the story. As Jekyll continues to try and take over his evil persona, Hyde tries to stay alive and cause evil in the world. In our society, many people will struggle with self control and Dr. Jekyll has trouble controlling his alter ego by performing his evil pleasuresRead MoreThe Strange Case Of Dr. Jekyll And Mr. Hyde1326 Words   |  6 Pages The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde was published during the late Victorian era, but he clearly brings into question the acceptance of Victorian philosophies, especially the belief that one truth exists and that we can identify good and evil as separate entities. The names Jekyll and Hyde have become synonymous with multiple personality disorder. This novel can be examined from the natural dualism and Freud’s structural th eory of the mind. In The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr

Essay about Atomism Democritus And Epicurus - 1299 Words

Atomism: Democritus and Epicurus nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;In the Atomists, we see pluralism taken as far as it could possibly go. We see Democritus and Epicurus divide all the world, as well as the universe, into two categories; atoms and empty space. Everything else is merely thought to exist. The atoms are eternal, infinite in size and number and they are moving through the empty space. There is no motion without empty space. Both Democritus and Epicurus agreed that motion was impossible in a plenum, but it is here that their theories diverge. In the cause of the motion, we begin to see a variety of opinions. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Both Democritus and Epicurus agreed that the â€Å"qualitative world of sense†¦show more content†¦Since an objects natural state seemed to be rest, Epicurus decided that it was not motion, but lack thereof, that is in a things true nature. Therefore it is motion which requires an explanation (Jones 85). nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Since it is agreed that the atoms must collide in order to form â€Å"objects† that possess different qualities, the frequency of these collisions must be infinitely large. How else can one account for the variety of objects recognized as â€Å"normal†? The space in which the atoms are traveling is large beyond our every conception of size, and the atoms are small on the very same scale. The probability of even two of these atoms colliding while they fall through the void is minute, if not non-existent. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Epicurus attempts to explain these collisions with his â€Å"swerve† theory. In this, he holds there is an arbitrary, imperceptible swerve in the straight â€Å" falling† path of the atoms. Rather than contribute the collisions to the nature of the atoms themselves, he is attempting to account for the frequency of collisions, and in effect increase the probability of two atoms colliding in infinite space. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;There are many problems with this postulation. In effect, it is no better an argument than Democritus nature theory. If we begin to assume that events simply â€Å"happen† arbitrarily, we do not gain any deeper insightShow MoreRelatedPhilosophy And Science Of The Same Breath2132 Words   |  9 PagesThe philosophers Leucippus and Democritus are constantly mentioned in the same breath. Since the bulk of their works did not survive the middle ages, we have only fragments and the writings of their peers and successors to tell us about their accomplishments and ideas. It is difficult to separate these two men because they are praised or critiqued as a unit by contemporaries and followers, but their exact relationship is unclear. 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He is likened to Michelangelo because Michelangelo showed personality andRead MoreEssay The School of Athens2445 Words   |  10 Pagesis so ca reless that the syntactical relations of the words are often hard to perceive; and the thoughts are profound, and Lucretius attacks him on the ground From his gloomy view of life he is often called quot;the Weeping Philosopher,quot; as Democritus is known as quot;the Laughing Philosopher.quot; It is above all in dealing with Heraclitus that we are made to feel the importance of personality in shaping systems of philosophy. He is likened to Michelangelo because Michelangelo showed personality

Android App Development-Free-Sample for Students-Myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about the User's Call History and daily data usage app. Answer: Introduction: Various mobile operators in Australia have been delivering different plans regarding Internet data and phone calls. An Android app is to be developed by them having the most effective economic mobile plan. It also considers the regular data usage and call history of the user. The following report introduces the app with its device capability requirements. Then a brief description of the architecture is proposed. Lastly the use case and case diagrams are includes with the small discussion on the project user interface and interaction. Introduction of the mobile app: The aim of the app is not just simplifying the chores of the users but also serve as the entertainment. However, they often end up in hogging data. This eventually makes the chosen data plan going for a toss. There has been need for various apps in order to monitor which app has been consuming more data daily keeping any tab used up and so on (Burton Felker, 2015). On the other hand the users also need to display various call information that includes the incoming calls with the name of the caller if available. They should also be aware of the outgoing calls or the party name. They need to know about the starting time of the call and the call types. The later one includes whether that was outgoing, incoming or missed calls. They must filter the record views by the call type and delete the older records after they get to view those (Beyer Pinzger, 2014). They should also be able to return the missed calls through pressing the soft-keys. Lastly the app must help them to insert the AR S prefix needed to make the external calls. They must add or delete the prefix digits through manually. Device Capability Requirements for the App: The phoneCall capability must allow the app in accessing the phone lines over the device and do various functions. They must place a call over the phone line and display the system dialer. This must be done without prompting the users. They should also be able to access the line related triggers and metadata (Deitel, Deitel Deitel, 2014). They must also use the spam filter app selected by the user for setting and checking the information regarding call source and the check block list. The capability of the phoneCall should include the namespace uap as it is declared in the package manifest of the app. On the other hand there have been two capabilities indicating that the apps could receive the incoming data from Internet. They are the internetClientcapability denoting that the app could receive the incoming data from Internet. It does not act as the server with any local access of network. The other one is the internetClientServercapability (Li Halfond, 2014).This denotes that the app could retrieve the data but could act as the server without any access of local network. Brief Architecture of the app: The real strength of the architecture lies in the capability for the administrators in taking action using the automated policy controls. This includes the device quarantining, caps, blocks, filters and alerts. The administrators must receive the real time intelligence and the reporting (Gu et al., 2017). This must include the summary digests. The user activity has to be presented in the real-time and the data has to be simply exported. The executives could view the summary dashboards for monitoring the security performance and the data management. Project Use Case and Class Diagram: The actors shown in the following use case is the User. The user is effectively able to access the section of main menu. From there he is able to view the call history. Next, the class diagram has been regarded as the static structure diagram that is displaying the structures like the user, call log, data usage and others with the attributes and the relationship among them. Figure 1: The suggested Use case (Source: Created by Author) Figure 2: The suggested Class diagram (Source: Created by Author) Project User Interface and User Interaction: The chosen app has needed the GUI to allow the user interaction. The GUI has been interface between come primary areas. One of them is the menu bar that could transfer the multimedia, HTM L and XML contents. Figure 3: Suggestion for a user interface GUI (Source: Created by Author) Conclusion: The application that is proposed above has analyzed keeping every potential and effectively of the existing data mining and internet usage in mind. It has helped in understanding the brief description as per as the architecture is concerned. It has covered the elements of device capabilities along with fulfilling the app requirements. Next, the use case diagram has been created by displaying all its various components. Then, the class diagram has helped to understand every class with all the applicable links. Finally the report has suggested an interface in mind the relevant user interaction with the application. References: Burton, M., Felker, D. (2015).Android App Development For Dummies. John Wiley Sons. Deitel, P., Deitel, H., Deitel, A. (2014).Android how to Program. Prentice Hall Press. Kang, H., Cho, J., Kim, H. (2015). Application study on android application prototyping method using App inventor.Indian Journal of Science and Technology,8(18), 1. Iversen, J., Eierman, M. (2014).Learning mobile app development: a hands-on guide to building apps with iOS and Android. Pearson Education. Li, D., Halfond, W. G. (2014, June). An investigation into energy-saving programming practices for android smartphone app development. InProceedings of the 3rd International Workshop on Green and Sustainable Software(pp. 46-53). ACM. Beyer, S., Pinzger, M. (2014, September). A manual categorization of android app development issues on stack overflow. InSoftware Maintenance and Evolution (ICSME), 2014 IEEE International Conference on(pp. 531-535). IEEE. Barnett, S., Vasa, R., Grundy, J. (2015, May). Bootstrapping mobile app development. InProceedings of the 37th International Conference on Software Engineering-Volume 2(pp. 657-660). IEEE Press. Gu, Y., Xu, C., Zheng, M. (2017, April). Using React Native in an Android App. InMICS2017-Conference Proceedings of Midwest Instruction and Computing Symposium.

Monologue on crooks free essay sample

Life is really hard at the moment. I was ‘aving the time of me life on Saturday night wiv that big bindlestick whats his name? ( scratch back, stroke chin, sigh) Ahhhh Lennie thats it. Well anyway we was just sittin’ and talkin’ and talkin’ and sittin’ ‘bout this amazing place that George and Lennie was going to hav’. It gave me hope it did to get out this bloody place, start a fresh life and maybe just maybe be treated like a real guy for a change. (imagine it, rest chin on hands) I really thought this would happen I really did and Candy perked up as well saying he would pay for it with his compensation for his hand. But then blommin’ Lennie has to go and mess it all up that crazy bastard He goes (sigh) and has to kill Curley’s wife. I heard it all happenin’ from inside me shed, Curley’s wife was bragging on about bloody anything to try and get Lennie into trouble! Then starts talking about her hair and Lennies touchin’ it and strokin’ it and I start hearin’ these muffled screams and I thought they was in me head but then there was a little snap and he must of snapped her neck! (sigh) Curley went bloomin’ crazy and started shouting an’ swearin’ and throwing things. We will write a custom essay sample on Monologue on crooks or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page They had all gone to find Lennie and sort him out. It was all silent and I closed me eyes for a little nap when from a distance I heard a single, muffled but still there, gun shot. Candy came shufflin’ back into my place scratchin’ his stump and tells me things I didn’t want to here. ‘ He’s dead Crooks they killed him. He didn’t know what he was doing poor little sod and now George has gone and shot him I thought they were friends Crooks I really did and I thought George was better than that Lennie even ‘ad Carlton’s gun an’ George just took it off him like a lamb. Anyways I’d better be off’ And Candy left me in deep thought

The Story of the Tea Party V essays

The Story of the Tea Party V essays When thinking of the Revolutionary War and our nations founding heros, names such as George Washington, John Hancock, James Madison, and Samuel Adams tend to come to mind. Although these men were great contributors, they were also of high rank, high education, and high society. Many of the commonplace individuals that also took part tend to be overlooked. In The Shoemaker and the Tea Party, Alfred F. Young tells the story of one of these ordinary individuals- George Twelve Hewes, and explores his involvement in the Boston Tea Party and the Revolution. Between the years 1768 and 1775 Hewes became an active Boston participant in the events that led to the Revolution. Several important factors led to his involvement. First, The presence of British troops in Boston beginning in the summer of 1768- four thousand soldiers in a town of fewer than sixteen thousand inhabitants- touched Hewes personally. (36) These soldiers occupied civilian buildings near Hewes shop, and bullied the townspeople after curfew. Hewes was also personally cheated by a soldier, and witnessed a soldier raping a Boston woman. This in and of itself left a bitter mind-set towards the British troops existence in Boston, with more infuriating events to come. From Hawkes and Thatcher three (additional) causes can be pieced together.(37) On February 23, a large crowd of schoolboys and apprentices were picketing the shop of Theophilus Lilly.(37) Eleven-year-old Christopher Seider was shot and killed by a customs informer, Ebenezer Richardson. This event outraged the people of Boston. Second, Hewes called attention to the bitter fight two days before the Massacre between soldiers and workers down the block from Hewess shop. During this fight, the soldiers were beaten and wanted revenge. Third, the precipitating events on the night of the Massacre, by Hewess account, were an attempt by a barb...

Chemistry - mechanism and synthesis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Chemistry - mechanism and synthesis - Essay Example Next, FGI agents are used to convert the methyl group to a nitrile one and the final product – scheme 1, product 2 – is formed. This lithium salt is undergoes acid hydrolysis to form the pentane-2-diol, the hydrate of the ketone, and this, in the absence of the organolithium any excess of which is destroyed by the addition of water, readily decomposes to form the ketone (Taylor, p. 95, 2002). The reagent acts as a source for , that acts as a nucleophile and replaces the leaving group in the halide. This forms the ketone. The organocopper is not strong enough to attack the ketone and the reaction stops here (Taylor, p. 103, 2002). Note to the above diagram: Grignard reagents usually react with carboxylic acid derivatives to form ketones as intermediate substances but ketones cannot be prepared in this manner because they react further with more Grignard reagents to form alcohols. Usually, to prepare ketones, a less reactive organocopper reagent that reacts with the carboxylic derivative but not with the ketone is used (Taylor, p. 84, 2002). In this case, is a nitrile with a functional group that has similar polarisation characteristics to the carbonyl group. Thus, it can undergo addition reaction with the Grignard reagent and form a magnesium salt of an imine. It is notable that the salt has no leaving group and is also negatively charged and does not react further with the Grignard reagent. Thus, it is treated with aqueous acid and the excess Grignard reagent is destroyed and the salt is now converted to the imine – pentane-2-imine. The imine is unstable in the aqueous acidic conditions and readily hydrolyses to the ketone (Taylor, p. 85-86, 2002). This is the least stable radical as the relevant carbocation is flanked on either sides by other carbocations while only one side is somewhat stabilised by the alkyl electron-releasing group (Taylor, p. 126, 2002). (Part b): The technical

Costing a shoe selling business Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Costing a shoe selling business - Case Study Example Profit 3,600 pounds Break Even Analysis: The break even analysis is performed on the basis of assessment of costs based upon the number of units that are expected to be sold.(www.connection.cwru.edu). Similarly, the total sales revenues are also computed on the basis of anticipated units that are expected to be sold each month. The variable costs per unit is 77.84 pounds and the number of units expected to be sold is roughly assessed as in the range of 50 to 70 pairs of shoes a month. The average unit sale price for each show is taken as $121.42. The Break even analysis table is shown below: BREAK EVEN ANALYSIS TIME PERIOD TOTAL FIXED COSTS TOTAL VARIABLE COSTS TOTAL SALES REVENUES 2 months $5,500 $8,096 $6,313.84 4 months $5,500 $6,227 $9,713.60 6 months $5,500 $6,616 $10,320.70 8 months $5,500 $9,341 $14,570.71 10 months $5,500 $8,562 $13,356.20 12 months $5,500 $10,586.24 $16,513.12 18 months $5,500 $9,496.48 $14,793.18 24 months $5,500 $10,117.90 $15,784.60 30 months $5,500 $10,584.88 $16,513.12 36 months $5,500 $11,052 $17,241.64 Hence, from the table, it may be noted that the break even point is reached after ten months from the time the business begins operating. This is the time when the profits in the amount of $13,356.20 exceed the sum of the fixed and variable costs ($5500 +$8562 = $14,062). Hence this is the point where the business has first begun to show profits in that the revenue from sales is greater than the total expenses on fixed and variable costs. At this point, 110 units of shoes have been sold in a two month period, which brings it to an average of 55 pairs of shoes sold per month. Margin of Safety: The margin of safety is used to calculate how much the level of sales can...Similarly, the total sales revenues are also computed on the basis of anticipated units that are expected to be sold each month. The variable costs per unit is 77.84 pounds and the number of units expected to be sold is roughly assessed as in the range of 50 to 70 pairs of shoes a month. The average unit sale price for each show is taken as $121.42. Hence, from the table, it may be noted that the break even point is reached after ten months from the time the business begins operating. This is the time when the profits in the amount of $13,356.20 exceed the sum of the fixed and variable costs ($5500 +$8562 = $14,062). Hence this is the point where the business has first begun to show profits in that the revenue from sales is greater than the total expenses on fixed and variable costs. At this point, 110 units of shoes have been sold in a two month period, which brings it to an average of 55 pairs of shoes sold per month. Margin of safety = Expected Sales level - Break even sales level. The break even sales level that has been established by the above table is 55 pairs of shoes per month. Therefore, if the expected sales per month is 70 pairs of shoes, the sales figures can fall even up to 55 pairs of shoes and the business will break even. However if the volume of shoes sold should fall below 55 pairs, then it is likely that the business will experience a loss. Since the s

The Importance of Staff Training During the Recession Essay Example for Free

The Importance of Staff Training During the Recession Essay Most industry experts agree that training and development of staff should not be compromised during the recession even though they may be dealing with cuts to budgets and other cost pressures. This is because a well-trained and skilled workforce will be instrumental in supporting organisations during the downturn as well as after economic recovery and growth resumes. Previous recessions and downturns have shown that cutting down on training and skills development for employees only results in a shortage of talented workers come the upturn. This can greatly affect an organisations competitiveness. In March, a report from the Boston Consulting Group and the European Association of People Management (EAPM) found that cutting back on training was a popular cost-cutting option but warned that it is the least effective in the longer term. Rudolf Thurner, co-author of the report and president of the EAPM, said: Companies should evaluate the strategies deployed by HR executives during the last recession. In this way, they can avoid making similar mistakes all over again. The shortage of skills in the UK workforce is already evident, according to other studies on the issue. A Randstad-commissioned survey published earlier this year found that almost three-quarters of firms in Britain feel that there is a lack of suitably qualified workers in the country. As a result, half of firms are not planning to cut down on their training budgets, regardless of wider financial conditions. Fred van der Tang, managing director of Randstad UK Professional Services, said: Many organisations believe they will still be short of key skills to cope with the recession. There will be an increased emphasis on the provision of training for those with the most potential to make sure that key performers are retained. He added: In such immensely difficult times, it is encouraging that many human resource heads say their boards want to ensure they do not make inappropriate cuts. Cutting back too heavily was a mistake made by many employers during previous downturns, leaving them poorly prepared for the upturn. A recent study by the Chartered Insurance Institute (CII) found that firms in the insurance and financial services sectors are concerned about the level of skills demonstrated by new recruits in the industry. The poll also discovered that many organisations believe that the UK is far behind other countries in workforce skills and must do more if it is to maintain its competitiveness  and emerge as a global leader. Daniel Pedley, public affairs manager for the CII, said: We would certainly advocate not cutting training in times like this. We believe that investing in training now, during a downturn, will help you come up in a better position when the recovery comes. If you invest now you are putting yourself in a much better position for later on down the track.

Common Themes of The Client, Dragon, and Beowulf :: comparison compare contrast essays

Common Themes of The Client, Dragon, and Beowulf A woman her late thirties bellowed "My Baby! My Baby!", as her baby carriage rolled towards the bottom of the great hill. Off in a distance, a man of around early thirties heard these desperate calls for help. The man dashed out from his house and immediately followed pursuit of the blue baby carriage. Within one minutes, he safely reclaimed the carriage and the baby girl was safely returned to her mother without harm. This is an example of how the young man is showing traits of heroism, the traits being courage, intelligence, and strength. He was courageous to help return to the young woman the baby carriage, intelligent to act quickly and actually catch up to it, and his strength is shown by his ability to outrun a racing carriage down a deep hill. Different books use different characters to display heroism within their characters. Mark Sway of The Client is a story of a young boy's heroic battle against the Mafia and the FBI. The story of Dirk Pitt of Dragon is a story of how a older man of the nineteen- hundredths can overcome evil. Beowulf of the story Beowulf is an example of how even hundreds of years ago, heroes used the same traits as today. Heroes of every culture of all ages share courage, intelligence and strength. Courage is a prominent feature of all heroes. Within these three books, each character, Mark Sway, Dirk Pitt and Beowulf, display signs of Courage. Mark Sway was a courageous boy at his age of 9 years old. Mark would never quit from continuing with an idea of his if it was for good: "`We can't let them take the body, Reggie. Think about it. If they get away with it, it'll never be found.'"1 What this phrase points out, is that Mark did not want to leave the Mafia men to retrieve the body of the Senator Boyette, for if they got the body, his efforts to keep quiet about the whole situation would seem fruitless. Dirk Pitt used courage in order that he can continue perusing the enemies. Dirk never gives up exposing a plot of death and trickery of another person. Beowulf displays courage by fighting off the Troll, the Troll's mother, and the Dragon. Beowulf would not forfeit a fight with one of those people despite their gruesome

Gap, Inc. Financial Analysis

The GAP, Inc. The Fiscal year Ended January 28, 2012 A. INTRODUCTION AND OVERVIEW 1. Financial Statements Included in the Annual Report 2. 1. Consolidated Statements of Cash Flow 2. Major Competitors of the GAP, Inc. American Eagle Outfitters, Inc. , J. Crew Group, Inc. , and the TJX Companies, Inc. can be shown as the major competitors for the GAP, Inc. Based on the data given in annual reports of the companies, gross margin % for GAP, Inc. is 36%, while American Eagle Outfitters has 36%, J. Grew Group, Inc. as 40%, and TJX has 32% gross margin. Stock price on November 2, 2012 is $35. 11 for the GAP, Inc. , while it is $21. 05 for American Eagle Outfitters, Inc. , $43. 55 for J. Crew Group, Inc. , and $41. 52 for the TJX Companies, Inc. Debt-to-equity ratio is the total debt divided by total shareholder’s equity and this ratio is a measure of company solvency and its ability to meet its short- and long term obligations. For the major competitors of the GAP, Inc. this ratio ca lculated as below: 3. Auditing Firm of the GAP, Inc.Deloitte & Touche LLP have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of the GAP, Inc. and the other financial statements which are the consolidated statements of income, stockholder’s equity, and cash flows for three years in the period ended in January 28, 2012. They have also consulted the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of January 28, 2012. Deloitte & Touche LLP indicated that consolidated financial statements, which are given in the annual report, present fairly the financial position of The GAP, Inc. nd subsidiaries as of January 28, 2012 in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. Also, in their opinion, the company maintained effective internal control over financial reporting as of 28 January, 2012 based on the criteria established in Internal Control—Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organization s of the Treadway Commission. B. FINANCIAL ACCOUNTING ANALYSIS 1. The Inventory Method The company used the weighted-average method while reviewing inventory to compile the financial statements.When using the weighted average method, the cost of goods available for sale is divided by the number of units available for sale, which yields the weighted-average cost per unit and to estimate ending inventory cost number of units in the ending inventory is multiplied by the weighted average cost per unit. 2. The Depreciation Method and Estimated Useful Lives of the Depreciable Assets Over the estimated useful lives of the related assets, the straight line method is used while computing depreciation to compile financial statements. The estimated useful life of depreciable assets is shown as below: 3.Goodwill and Intangible Assets The company reviews not only intangible assets for impairment, but also the carrying amount of goodwill annually. The goodwill and other indefinite-lived intangibl e assets, including trade name, are recorded in other long-term assets in the consolidated balance sheet of company as shown in Note 3: 4. The class of Stocks and Number of Shares As you can see in the consolidated balance sheet, the company has common stock with authorized 2. 3 billion shares; issued 1. 106 billion shares for all periods presented; outstanding 485 million and 588 million shares for periods presented.The company is authorized to issue 60 million shares of Class B common stock, which is convertible into shares of common stock on a share-for-share basis and no Class B shares have been issued as of January 28, 2012. The Company is also authorized to issue 30 million shares of one or more series of preferred stock, which has a par value of $0. 05 per share and no preferred share has been issued as of January 28, 2012. 5. Treasury Stock and Number of Shares Treasury Stock held by the company has 621 and 518 shares for the periods presented in the consolidated balance she et as January 28, 2012 and January 29, 2011. . Dividends paid by the Company The company declared and paid dividends during the period reviewed as shown in the consolidated statements of income and it is $0. 45 in fiscal year 2011, $0. 40 in fiscal year 2010, and $0. 34 in fiscal year 2009 per share. 7. The price per share of the common stock The price per share of the common stock as of the most recent fiscal year-end date, which is January 28, 2012, is $18. 69. On the other hand, the price per share on November 3, 2012, which is the day we can see the close price before the report date, is $35. 11. 8. Generated CashThe company generated $1. 363 billion net cash by operating activities during fiscal year 2011. The amount of generated cash generated during fiscal year 2011 decreased $381 million comparing the amount generated during fiscal year 2010. Also, net cash provided by operating activities during fiscal year 2010 decreased $184 million compared with fiscal year 2009. The cas h outflows for investing activities of the company are primarily for capital expenditures and purchases of investments, whereas cash inflows are primarily provided from maturities of short-term investments.The amount of net cash used for investing activities is $454 million during the fiscal year 2011, $429 million during the fiscal year 2010 and $537 million during the fiscal year 2009, while maturities of short-term investments are $150 million, $600 million, and $125 million in fiscal year 2011, 2010 and 2009. The cash outflows from financial activities are primarily repurchases of the company’s common stock and dividend payments, while cash inflows are primarily proceeds from the issuance of long-term debt.Proceeds from issuance of long-term debt are $1. 646 billion for fiscal year 2011 and net cash used for financing activities is $602 million. 9. Ratio Analysis for the Company The current ratio is the one of the measures of company equity and it indicates the relationsh ip between current assets and current liabilities. For the company, current ratio is calculated as below: The return on sales ratio measures the company’s profitability and it indicates the relationship between net income and sales. For the company, return on sales ratio is shown below:The debt-to-equity ratio is a measure of the company’s solvency and it measures the relative proportions of financing from debt and financing from shareholders. It is calculated for the company as seen below: The return on investment ratio shows the return generated per dollar of total investment and it is calculated for the company as seen below: The return on owner’s equity ratio measures the return generated per dollar of owner’s equity and for the company the return on owner’s equity ratio is: The gross margin ratio measures the gross profit of the company’s products and for the company it is calculated as shown below:The inventory turnover measures the sp eed at which company sells its inventory. This measure is important to ensure that inventory delivered customers in a timely manner so that cash can be received by the company. Net profit margin measures also company’s profitability and it is mostly used for internal comparison. It is also an indicator of a company's pricing strategies and how well it controls costs. Profit margin for the company is: The asset turnover ratio calculates the total  revenue  for every dollar of assets a company owns and it is calculated for the company as seen below:The quick ratio is measure of a company’s ability to meet its current obligations like the current ratio and it is more reliable measurement of liquidity because it considers only assets that are quickly converted to cash as quick assets. The quick ratio for the company is: The  price-to-earnings (P/E) ratio of a  share  is the market price of the share divided by the annual  earnings per share. a high P/E  ratio suggests that investors are expecting  higher earnings  growth  in the future compared to companies with a  lower P/E. Based on the price per share on January 28, 2012, the price-to-earnings ratio for the GAP, Inc. s: 10. 11. Horizontal and Vertical Analysis for the Comparative Income Statement and Balance Sheet THE GAP, INC. CONSOLIDATED INCOME STATEMENTS (millions) Vertical and Horizontal Analysis| | |   | Financial Data|   | Vertical Analysis| Horizontal Analysis|   |   | 2011| 2010|   | 2011 (%)| 2010 (%)| $ Change| % Change| Net sales| $| 14,549| $| 14,664|   | 100. 00 | 100. 00 | (115)| (0. 78)| Cost of goods sold and occupancy expenses|   | 9,275|   | 8,775|   | 63. 75 | 59. 84 | 500 | 5. 70 | Gross profit|   | 5,274|   | 5,889|   | 36. 5 | 40. 16 | (615)| (10. 44)| Operating expenses|   | 3,836|   | 3,921|   | 26. 37 | 26. 74 | (85)| (2. 17)| Operating income|   | 1,438|   | 1,968|   | 9. 88 | 13. 42 | (530)| (26. 93)| Interest ex pense (reversal)|   | 74|   | (8)|   | 0. 51 | (0. 05)| 82 | (1025)| Interest income|   | (5)|   | (6)|   | (0. 03)| (0. 04)| 1 | (16. 67)| Income before income taxes|   | 1,369|   | 1,982|   | 9. 41 | 13. 52 | (613)| (30. 93)| Income taxes|   | 536|   | 778|   | 3. 68 | 5. 31 | (242)| (31. 11)| Net income| $| 833| $| 1,204|   | 5. 73 | 8. 21 | (371)| (30. 81)| 12. Segments reported by the company The GAP, Inc. dentified its operating segments based on the way to manage and evaluate the business activities and based on this way the company has two reportable segments: Stores and direct. The stores reportable segment has results of the retail stores for Gap, Old Navy, and Banana Republic which are brands of the GAP, Inc. while the direct reportable segment includes the results for the brands of the company, both domestic and international. C. MANAGERIAL ACCOUNTING ANALYSIS 1. Return on Investment for Stores and Direct Segments As it is mentioned before, retu rn on investment is calculated as net income divided by average total assets company has.While calculating return on investment each segment for the company, which are stores and direct, we need net income for these different segments and also average total assets as given financial information by reportable segments in the annual report. The operating income, depreciation and amortization expenses, purchases of property and equipment for each segment, and the effective tax rate, which is given as 39. 2% for fiscal year 2011, are used to calculate the net income for each segment. The return on investment, which is net income divided by segment assets, for the stores reportable segment is 0. 37, while it is 0. 22 for direct reportable segment. It means that the company earned $3. 7 for every $100 investment for the reportable stores segment and $22 for every $100 investment for the direct reportable segment. Calculations for the return on investment ratio are shown in the table below : 2. Residual Income Residual income (RI) is a managerial accounting measurement used to assess and compare the relative success of business units. The basic formula for calculating residual income is to multiply operating assets by the minimum required rate of return, and then subtract this value from operating income.For the stores and direct reportable segments, the residual income is: 3. Assuming that 70% of the expenses are fixed: a. Contribution Margin Contribution margin is the total sales less total variable costs at a given level of activity. For the GAP, Inc. total sales amount is $14. 549 billion during the fiscal year 2011 as seen in the consolidated statements of income, while total variable cost is $2. 782 billion, which is 30% of cost of goods sold and occupancy expenses. Based on this data, contribution margin in fiscal year 2011 is: b. Contribution Margin RatioThe contribution margin ratio is the contribution margin per unit divided by selling price per unit or cont ribution margin divided by total sales. The contribution margin ratio of the company is 0. 8088 or 80. 88% in fiscal year 2011, as you can see the calculation below: c. Break-even in Sales Dollars The break-even point in dollars can be calculated by using contribution margin ratio approach. The basic formula with this approach is fixed cost divided by contribution margin ratio for the break-even in sales dollars. The fixed cost for the company is $6. 92 billion ($9,275 * 70%) and the break-even point in dollars: : D. SUPPLEMENTAL MATERIAL E. INVESTMENT DECISION FOR THE COMPANY There are different criteria to assess the overall performance of companies. We have discussed various perspectives to make a comprehensive evaluation for the GAP, Inc. in the previous parts of the report. While discussing nature of the investment decision, the data given before is used to explain the performance of the company for investors. Investors invest money in company’s stock expecting a return in their investment in the form of dividends or appreciation in the price of stock.From this perspective, we should evaluate the price of stock for the company and the dividends paid. As it is mentioned before, the price per share of the common stock was $18. 69 on January 28, 2012, while it is $35. 11 on November 2, 2012. The price to equity ratio is 22, assuming that the earnings per share will be the same for November 2, 2012 within fiscal year 2011, while it was only 12 on January 28, 2012. Comparing the previous data, it is possible to say that investors can expect higher earnings growth in the future, but it would not be useful for investors to use only this ratio as a basis of investment.Major competitors should also be assessed from the industry analysis perspective to decide to invest company. To compare the company performance with the major competitors, we calculated gross margin ratio and debt-to-equity ratio before. These measurements are very important to assess the si tuation of the company in industry. Although J. Crew Group, Inc. is basically higher gross margin relatively to its competitors, the GAP, Inc. has also high gross margin which is the same with another American Eagle Outfitters, Inc. and higher than TJX Companies, Inc. The GAP, Inc. ’s debt-to-equity ratio is 1. 69, while it is 0. 38 for AEO, 2. 4 for JCG and 1. 83 for TJX. It means that the GAP, Inc. had $1. 69 of debt for every $1. 00 of shareholder’s equity. From this perspective, American Eagle Outfitters has lower debt for every $1. 00 of shareholders’ equity, while other competitors have more debt relatively to the GAP, Inc. We can say that debt-to-equity ratio for our company is acceptable among the companies in industry. For the evaluation of the companies based on financial statements, the analysts usually use a combination of three methods of analysis which are horizontal analysis, vertical analysis and ratio analysis as we made in the previous parts of the report.Horizontal analysis examines the changes in one financial statement item over time, while vertical analysis shows each item on a financial statement as a percentage of one particular item on the statement. Investors use the vertical analysis to evaluate the composition of the company’s financial position and earnings. As we can see in the vertical analysis, the company’s percentage of net income for fiscal year 2011 is 5. 73 while it is 8. 21 for fiscal year 2010. Investors should take this into account and compare these values with the competitors’ values to see that the situation of industry between these years.On the other hand, we can see that cash as a percentage of total assets for fiscal year 2011 is 25. 40 while it is 22. 09 for fiscal year 2010. This gives us some insight into the cash management system of the company. From the horizontal analysis perspective, the GAP, Inc. had a 30. 81 change negatively in net income, while it had 20. 76 pe rcent increase in cash and a 5. 05 increase in total assets. We can see that decreasing amount of income is the result of mostly increasing cost of goods sold and occupancy expenses. So, investors should take this into account and compare it with the company’s another competitors in the industry.Finally, ratio analysis is used to judge the company’s efficiency in using its current assets and liabilities. It is really important to see whether company is profitable or liquid for investors to decide invest on the company. Based on the current and quick ratio, we can say that company’s liquidity is enough to pay its liabilities. We measured company’s profitability by using gross margin, return on sales, return on assets, asset turnover and returns on owner’s equity and profit margin and see that company is profitable to invest and since it has almost 12% return on investment which shows us it makes sense to invest on the GAP, Inc.Investment decision is quite difficult for investors since they should asses the company from many different perspectives, we can say that the GAP, Inc. is one of the leading companies in the industry and it has a good return on investment. The changes between fiscal year 2011 and fiscal year 2010 should be taken into account by comparing with competitors and previous fiscal years. In general investors could see that the price per share of the common stock has increasing value for the company and it is profitable to invest. So, I would invest in this company, since I believe that it has a good return for investors.

Greek Alphabet and Symbols in Chemistry

Scholars used to be conversant with Greek and Latin as part of their education. They even used these languages to publish their ideas or work. Correspondence with other scholars was possible even if their native languages werent the same. Variables in science and mathematics need a symbol to represent them when they are written. A scholar would need a new symbol to represent their new idea and Greek was one of the tools at hand. Applying a Greek letter to a symbol became second nature. Today, while Greek and Latin arent on every students curriculum, the Greek alphabet is learned as needed. The table below lists all twenty-four letters in both upper and lowercase of the Greek alphabet used in science and mathematics. Name Upper Case Lower Case Alpha Beta Gamma Delta Epsilon Zeta Eta Theta Iota Kappa Lambda Mu Nu Xi Omicron Pi Rho Sigma Tau Upsilon Phi Chi Psi Omega